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Several media publications and academics have discussed India's potential of becoming a great power or eventually a superpower. However, Daniel Lak describes India as the underdog, facing more challenges than advantages, yet it is approaching superpower status. He also mentions that despite the hardships of significant poverty, and social inequality, India is overcoming all of this. Robyn Meredith claims that both India and China will be superpowers. However, she points out that China is decades ahead of India, and that the average Chinese person is better off than the average Indian person. Amy Chua also adds to this, stating that while India's potential for superpower is great, it still faces many problems such as "pervasive rural poverty, disease-filled urban slums, entrenched corruption, and egregious maternal mortality rates just to name a few". Also like China, India lacks the "pull" for immigrants, and Indians still continue to emigrate in large numbers. However, she notes that India has made tremendous strides to fix this, stating that some of India's achievements, such as working to dismantle the centuries old caste system and maintaining the world's largest diverse democracy is historically unprecedented. Parag Khanna believes that India is not, and will not become a superpower for the foreseeable future, lagging decades behind China in both development and strategic appetite. Instead, he believes India will be a key swing state along with Russia. He says that India is "big but not important," has a highly successful professional class, while hundreds of millions of its citizens still live in extreme poverty. It is "almost completely third world". He also writes that it matters that China borders a dozen more countries than India and is not hemmed in by a vast ocean and the world's tallest mountains. China has a loyal diaspora twice the size of India's and enjoys a head start in Asian and African marketplaces. However, Martin Walker leaves open optimism about the possibility for India in the future to become a superpower even with there being so much catching up with China for India to do. Part of this comes down to demographic trends, where as Walker points out: "The Chinese leadership is already coming to regret its nearly 30-year-old policy of permitting most couples to have only one child". A recent article in the The Economist further writes that as a result that the challege of an aging population and a looming pension crisis China faces there are likely to be room for India to catching up, not suffering from the same demographic issues with a growing and young work force.