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The purity of the Ganga water is attributed to various factors, both natural and cultural: 1. **Originating from Glaciers:** The Ganga river originates from the Gangotri Glacier in the Himalayas. The water initially comes from melting snow and ice, which is relatively pure and free from pollutants. 2. **Natural Filtration:** As the river flows through the mountains and plains, it undergoes natural filtration processes. The rocky terrain and sedimentary layers help filter out impurities, resulting in cleaner water. 3. **Spiritual and Cultural Significance:** The Ganga river holds immense spiritual significance in Hinduism. Many people believe that the water of the Ganga is inherently pure and has the power to cleanse one's sins. This cultural reverence for the river has led to efforts to protect and preserve its purity. 4. **Biodiversity:** The Ganga river basin is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna, including aquatic plants and animals. Healthy ecosystems contribute to water quality by maintaining ecological balance and filtering pollutants. 5. **Rituals and Offerings:** Despite the pollution challenges facing the Ganga, certain religious rituals and practices involve offerings and ceremonies aimed at purifying the river. While some of these practices can have negative environmental impacts, they also reflect a cultural reverence for the river's purity. However, it's essential to note that the Ganga river faces significant pollution challenges due to industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, urban waste, and other human activities. Efforts are underway to address these issues and restore the river's health and purity through various conservation initiatives and government programs.