Ecotasia's video: How to Bring Back an Extinct Species: De-extinction is already happening

On July 30, 2003 a goat gave birth to something remarkable, a Pyrenean ibex. Over three year earlier, on January 6th 2000, the last Pyrenean ibex, a female named Celia, died when a tree fell on her in the night. Yet here was a living ibex, a clone of Celia. In 1999 tissue had been collected from this last ibex, and after her death a biotechnology company got the Spanish government to give them the opportunity to use these samples to attempt cloning. The idea of bringing back extinct creatures, which was relegated to science fiction ten year prior to the birth of Celia’s clone, is now something that has to increasingly be considered more seriously. So how do you bring back an extinct species? In the process of cloning extracted nuclei from tissue samples are fused them into an egg cell that has had its nucleus removed. The egg then reprograms the tissue DNA to form a stem cell, forming an early embryo. This then is inserted into a surrogate mother and allowed to develop. Another method is back-breeding; using the power of artificial selection, scientists can breed individuals of either a related subspecies or domestic descendant with traits similar to an extinct species and breed them together, eventually resulting in an approximation of an extinct animal; and in fact there are now a handful of quagga-like zebra around South Africa, that will hopefully lead to a small population. Finally, comes the power of genetic engineering and gene editing. Discovered in bacteria as a defense against viral attack, the special protein Cas 9 locates viral DNA inserted in its genome, and cuts them out. This technique, which we call CRISPR allows scientists to edit and modify DNA as they please, say putting parts of the genome of an extinct species into an egg cell creating a hybrid or even a present day species germ cells, making the modified individual in theory able to parent some kind of hybrid of the extinct species and the parent species, due to not all of the genetic material being edited. Currently several species are being considered for de-extinction: passenger pigeon, mammoths, dodo, thylacine, gastric-brooding frog, Aurochs, and quagga. There are concerns however... Credit to Jurassic World Evolution by Frontier Developments and Universal Pictures for some shots. DFoidl, The founding breeds of TaurOs Project. 31 March 2012 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:TaurOs_breeds.jpg https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en 1911 footage by "Mr. Williamson", 1933 footage by David Fleay. Authors of the 1928 footage are unknown. 1911, 1928 (2-4), and 1933. Thylacine footage compilation, naturalwordls.org Contains appropriated footage and music Sources J. Folch; J. Cocero; M. J. Chesne; P. Alabart; J. K. Dominguez; V. Congnie; Y. Roche; A. Fernández-Árias; A. Marti; J. I. Sánchez; P. Echegoyen; E. Beckers; J. F. Sánchez; A. Bonastre; X. Vignon (2009). "First birth of an animal from an extinct subspecies (Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica) by cloning". Theriogenology. 71 (6): 1026–1034. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.11.005. PMID 19167744. https://quaggaproject.org/the-project/ Palermo, Giulia; Ricci, Clarisse G.; McCammon, J. Andrew (April 2019). "The invisible dance of CRISPR-Cas9. Simulations unveil the molecular side of the gene-editing revolution". Physics Today. 72 (4): 30–36. doi:10.1063/PT.3.4182. ISSN 0031-9228. PMC 6738945. PMID 31511751. Shapiro, Beth (2016-08-09). "Pathways to de-extinction: how close can we get to resurrection of an extinct species?". Functional Ecology. 31 (5): 996–1002. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12705. ISSN "Dodo Bird De-extinction? The Dialogue Has Begun in the Island Nation of Mauritius | Revive & Restore". reviverestore.org. 2016-12-19. Retrieved 2018-04-30.0269-8463. "Scientists successfully create living embryo of an extinct species". "Passenger Pigeon Comeback – Revive & Restore". Revive & Restore. 2015-06-09. Retrieved 30 April 2018. If you like animals and nature Please Subscribe and Like This is Backyard Expeditions. Here you can find wildlife footage and short documentaries on the natural world. Nature is full of surprises, often amazing things are happening just feet from you door. I am a biology student who was inspired by the likes of the BBC natural history unit, PBS, and animal planet as a Child. I have also long been a hobbyist photographer, filming interesting things over time. My goal is to document interesting behavior and highlight interesting species I encounter. also Check Out my Photography Adventure Blog https://johnjacksonphoto.blogspot.com/