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Here, we have discussed about *Pharmaceutics CH-20.2 | Classification & Selection of dermatological vehicles / Ointment Bases * and prepared a best content for you so watch the complete video until the end and read the description below.
*Classification of dermatological vehicles / Ointment base
Ointment base is that substance or part of an ointment, which serves as carrier or vehicle for medicament.
There are five (5) classes or types of ointment bases which are differentiated on the basis of their physical composition.
These are:
1. Oleaginous bases.
2. Absorption bases.
3. Water in oil emulsion bases.
4. Oil in water emulsion bases.
5. Water soluble or water miscible bases.
1. Oleaginous bases.
These bases are fats, fixed oils, hydrocarbon or silicones.
They are anhydrous, greasy, non-washable does not absorb water and occlusive (form a film on skin so it increases the skin hydration by reducing the rate of loss of surface water.
They are used as protectants, emollients , vehicles for hydrolysable drugs.
Example: White Petrolatum, White Ointment
2. Absorption bases.
Oleaginous base + w/o surfactant.
Anhydrous but hydrophilic ointment bases
They are non-washable, not water soluble
They used as protectants, emollients (+/-), vehicles for aqueous solutions, solids, and non-hydrolysable drugs.
Example: Hydrophilic Petrolatum, Anhydrous Lanolin, Aquabase™, Aquaphor®, Polysorb®
3. Water in oil emulsion bases.
These are anhydrous, hydrophilic, absorbs water and non water removable, with low thermal conductivity and occlusive.
They have the same properties as the absorption bases.
They are used as emollients, cleansing creams, vehicles for solid, liquid, or non-hydrolysable drugs .
Examples: Cold Cream type, Hydrous Lanolin, Rose Water Ointment, Hydrocream™, Eucerin®, Nivea®
4. Oil in water emulsion bases.
These bases are anhydrous, water soluble, absorb water and water washable.
They are either carbowaxes Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs) or hydrated gums (bentonite, gelatin, cellulose derivatives).
They are used as drug vehicles.
Examples: PEG Ointment, Polybase™
5. Water soluble or water miscible bases.
Water soluble bases contain only the water soluble ingredients and not the fats or other greasy substances, hence, they are known as grease-less bases.
Water soluble bases consists of water soluble ingredients such as polyethylene glycol polymers (PEG) which are popularly known as “carbowaxes” and commercially known as “macrogols”.
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