Limitless-X's video: Masonry - Explained

Masonry is the building of structures from individual units, which are often laid in and bound together by mortar; the term masonry can also refer to the units themselves. The common materials of masonry construction are brick, building stone such as marble, granite, and limestone, cast stone, concrete block, glass block, and adobe. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can substantially affect the durability of the overall masonry construction. Categories of Masonry: 1. Stone masonry 2. Brick masonry 3. Hollow block concrete masonry 4. Reinforced masonry 5. Composite masonry 6. Post-tensioned Masonry Stone Masonry Stone masonry is a type of building masonry construction that uses stones and mortar. This construction technique is used for building foundations, floors, retaining walls, arches, walls and columns. The stones used for masonry construction are natural rocks. These natural rocks are cut and dressed into proper shape in order to use it in masonry construction. Stones are one of the most durable and strong building materials. Brick masonry Brick masonry is a highly durable form of construction. It is built by placing bricks in mortar in a systematic manner to construct solid mass that withstand exerted loads. There are several types of bricks and number of mortars which can be used to construct brick masonry. The bond in brick masonry, which adheres bricks together, is produced by filling joints between bricks with suitable mortar. Special cautions shall be practiced while mortar is mixed and placed since it greatly affect the performance and durability of masonry structure. Hollow block concrete masonry Hollow concrete blocks contains void area greater than 25% of gross area. Solid area of hollow bricks should be more than 50%. The hollow part may be divided into several components based on our requirement. They are manufactured from lightweight aggregates. They are light weight blocks and easy to install. Reinforced Masonry Tolerances and Workmanship for Reinforced Masonry Construction Reinforced masonry is used throughout the United States as a cost-effective and desirable building form for commercial, residential, institutional, and industrial construction. Reinforced masonry is a form of composite construction where the masonry units resist compressive stress and internal reinforcement resists tensile stress developing primarily from flexure and shear actions. Composite masonry These walls are constructed with two or more units such as stones or bricks and hollow bricks. This type of masonry wall construction is done for better appearance with economy. In composite masonry walls, two wythes of masonry units are constructed bonding with each other. While one wythe can be brick or stone masonry while the other can be hollow bricks. A wythe is a continuous vertical section of masonry one unit in thickness. Composite Masonry Wall Post-tensioned Masonry Post-tensioned masonry walls are constructed to strengthen the masonry walls against the forces that may induce tension in the wall such as earthquake forces or wind forces. These walls are constructed from the foundation level and post-tensioning rods are anchored into the foundation. These rods are run vertically between the wythes or in the core of concrete masonry units.