MedLecturesMadeEasy's video: Abdominal compartment syndrome

This is a flowchart on abdominal compartment syndrome, covering the etiology, pathophysiology, and manifestations. ADDITIONAL TAGS: Normal IAP: 12 mmHg Risk factors / SDOH Cell / tissue damage Structural factors Abdominal compartment syndrome Medicine / iatrogenic Infectious / microbial Biochem / metabolic Immunology / inflammation Signs / symptoms Tests / imaging / labs Neurological pathology Genetic / hereditary Flow physiology Pathophysiology Etiology Manifestations ↑ intraabdominal pressure (IAP) 15-20 mmHg Elevation of diaphragm Compression of IVC ↓ venous return ↓ cardiac output Renal vasoconstriction Impaired venous drainage ↑ RAAS ↓ GFR ↓ urine output Compression of GI veins Mucosal edema Intestinal ischemia Intestinal hypoperfusion Mucosal injury Bacteremia → sepsis Impairs ventilation ↑ intrathoracic pressure ↓ pulmonary volume ↑ peak airway pressures Tachypnea Wheezing ↑ intracranial pressure Hypotension Tachycardia Tight distended abdomen Nausea, vomiting Progressive renail failure Oliguria ↑ central venous pressure Lower extremity edema Positional headache Confusion Altered mental status Papilledema ↓ abdominal wall compliance Visceral edema ↑ luminal contents ↑ abdominal contents Cushing triad Wide pulse pressure Bradycardia Irregular breathing Abdominal surgery Major burns Prone positioning Abdominal or pelvic trauma Mechanical ventilation Morbid obesity Sepsis Massive volume resuscitation Post/intraoperative Hypovolemic shock Gastroparesis Paralytic ileus Mechanical bowel obstruction Acute pancreatitis Intrabd tumor/abscess Massive ascites Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum Peritoneal dialysis S/p organ transplant Urinary bladder pressure measurement: indirect measurement of IAP CT scan: elevated diaphragm, ↑ abdominal diameter, compression of the inferior vena cava, and intestinal wall thickening Pulmonary Cardiac Renal Gastrointestinal CNS