Solution- Pharmacy's video: Medicinal Chemistry II 14 Antibiotics Dactinomycin Daunorubicin Doxorubicin Bleomycin

Download the "Solution Pharmacy" Mobile App to Get All Uploaded Notes, Model Question Papers, Answer Papers, Online Tests and other GPAT Materials - https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=co.bolton.nqilv 1. Dactinomycin (Actinomycin D): a. Structure: Dactinomycin is a cyclic polypeptide composed of several amino acid units. It contains a flat aromatic chromophore that intercalates with DNA. b. Mechanism of Action: Dactinomycin binds to the DNA double helix, specifically guanine-cytosine-rich regions, by intercalation. This prevents DNA and RNA synthesis by inhibiting RNA polymerase and causing structural distortion. c. Clinical Use: Dactinomycin is used primarily in the treatment of pediatric cancers, including Wilms' tumor and rhabdomyosarcoma. It has a role in combination therapy for various malignancies. 2. Daunorubicin and Doxorubicin: a. Structure: Daunorubicin and doxorubicin are anthracycline antibiotics with similar structures. They have a tetracyclic chromophore that allows intercalation with DNA, along with an amino sugar moiety. b. Mechanism of Action: These drugs intercalate with DNA, inhibiting topoisomerase II (an enzyme that helps in DNA unwinding) and generating free radicals that cause DNA damage. They also inhibit RNA and protein synthesis. c. Clinical Use: Daunorubicin and doxorubicin are used to treat a wide range of cancers, including leukemia, lymphoma, breast cancer, and other solid tumors. They are often essential components of combination chemotherapy regimens. 3. Bleomycin: a. Structure: Bleomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic consisting of a metal-binding domain (copper) and a linear peptide chain. b. Mechanism of Action: Bleomycin induces single- and double-strand DNA breaks through oxidative damage. It has a strong preference for cleaving DNA at specific sequences. c. Clinical Use: Bleomycin is used in the treatment of various cancers, especially testicular cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma. It is often used in combination with other chemotherapy drugs. Get in touch with the solution by just clicking the following links- Facebook Group- https://www.facebook.com/groups/solutionpharamcy Mobile App - https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=co.bolton.nqilv New Channel (Pharmacy Dictionary) https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCt6OXVV_2oxf5DD0Mad6e9A E-Mail for official and other work - solutionpharmacy@gmail.com