The Train Guy's video: Okha to Ahmedabad by Saurashtra Mail Train Journey through the land of Semaphores High Rise OHE

Train : 02946 Okha - Mumbai Central Saurashtra Mail Loco : Sabarmati WDP4D The 22945 / 22946 Mumbai Central - Okha Saurashtra Mail is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways - Western Railway zone that runs between Mumbai Central and Okha in India. It operates as train number 22945 from Mumbai Central to Okha and as train number 22946 in the reverse direction serving the state of Maharashtra & Gujarat. This train was started on 1 Oct 1925 and named as Kathiawad Express. Later, the name was changed to Saurashtra Mail. The Saurashtra Mail earlier had two slips. One to Okha and another to Veraval. The slips also had RSA with the Veraval - Okha Express which was the direct train connecting the pilgrim sights of Somnath and Dwarka. The Saurashtra region is the only route in India which currently has both Upper Quadrant and Lower Quadrant semaphores. Railway semaphore signal is one of the earliest forms of fixed railway signals. This semaphore system involves signals that display their different indications to train drivers by changing the angle of inclination of a pivoted 'arm'. Semaphore signals were patented in the early 1840s by Joseph James Stevens, and soon became the most widely used form of mechanical signal. Designs have altered over the intervening years, and colour light signals have replaced semaphore signals in most countries, but in a few they remain in use. Semaphores come in lower quadrant and upper quadrant forms. In a lower quadrant signal, the arm pivots downwards for the less restrictive (known as "off") indication. Upper quadrant signals, as the name implies, pivot the arm upward for "off". During the 1870s, all the British railway companies standardised on the use of semaphore signals, which were then invariably all of the lower quadrant type. From the 1920s onwards, upper quadrant semaphores almost totally supplanted lower quadrant signals in Great Britain, except on former GWR lines. The advantage of the upper quadrant signal is that should the signal wire break, or the signal arm be weighed down by snow (for instance), gravity will tend to cause the signal to drop to the safe "danger" position. In a lower quadrant signal, the opposite may happen, sending the signal to "off" when in fact it should be illustrating "danger". Their spectacle cases, which are on the opposite side of the spindle on which the signal arm is pivoted, are therefore required to be sufficiently heavy to prevent this happening.