World Affairs's video: How India defeated Pakistan in Kashmir

Kashmir is an ethnically diverse Himalayan region that is famous for the beauty of its lakes, meadows, and snow-capped mountains. However, It is a contested region between between India and Pakistan. Since 1947, India and Pakistan have been locked in conflict over Kashmir, and has resulted in decades of violence, including 3 wars and a limited conflict over Kashmir During the British rule of India, Kashmir was a feudal state with its own regional ruler. The Kashmiri ruler, Maharaja Hari Singh, initially desired independence for Kashmir, but in October 1947 chose to join India in exchange for help against an invasion of raiders from Pakistan. Pakistan, which was newly created by the British, laid claim to a majority-Muslim part of Kashmir along its border. As a result war erupted, India and Pakistan fought the first of three major wars over Kashmir in 1947. which resulted in the creation of a United Nations-brokered “ceasefire line” that divided Indian and Pakistani territory Another war broke out in 1965, primarily as a result of the United Nations Security Council's recommendation that India and Pakistan agree to demilitarise Kashmir and hold a referendum to decide the territory's status, India rejected that plan,  Then, In 1999, India and Pakistan battled along the Line of Control in the Kargil district of Kashmir, leading the United States to intervene diplomatically, siding with India The Kashmir conflict is politically difficult to resolve through an international agreement because India considers it a "bilateral issue" and a "internal matter, because Kashmir is historically, culturally and politically an inseparable part of India, whereas Pakistan considers it an international dispute