Identification of Lesser Black-backed Gull
The Lesser Black-backed Gull (Larus fuscus) is a medium to large gull species found in Europe, North America, and parts of Asia. Here are the key identification features:
Physical Characteristics:
Size: They typically measure about 51–64 cm in length with a wingspan of 124–150 cm.
Plumage:
Adults: The upperparts are dark slate-grey to black, distinguishing them from the Herring Gull, which has lighter grey upperparts. The underparts, head, and tail are white. In winter, they may have faint streaking on the head.
Juveniles and Immatures: These birds are mottled brown with a scaly appearance, gradually acquiring adult plumage over four years.
Legs: They have yellow legs, unlike the Herring Gull, which has pink legs.
Bill: The bill is yellow with a red spot near the tip, typical of many large gull species.
Eyes: The eyes are yellow with a red orbital ring in adults.
Behavior and Vocalizations:
Flight: They have a powerful and graceful flight, often soaring with minimal wingbeats.
Vocalizations: Their calls include a variety of loud, harsh, and laughing notes, often heard in colonies or when feeding.
Life Span
The life span of the Lesser Black-backed Gull can vary based on environmental factors, predation, and human impacts. Here are some general points about their life span:
Average Life Span: Lesser Black-backed Gulls typically live for about 12-15 years in the wild. However, some individuals can live significantly longer.
Longevity Records: The oldest known Lesser Black-backed Gull was recorded to be over 34 years old, based on ringing (banding) data.
Factors Influencing Life Span:
Predation: Eggs and chicks are vulnerable to predation by other birds and mammals.
Human Activities: Pollution, habitat destruction, and disturbances can affect their survival.
Food Availability: Access to food sources significantly impacts their longevity and reproductive success.
Habitat and Distribution
Breeding: Lesser Black-backed Gulls breed in coastal and inland regions, often on cliffs, islands, and rooftops. They prefer locations that provide safety from predators and proximity to feeding areas.
Wintering: During the non-breeding season, they migrate to southern Europe, Africa, and the Middle East. Some populations are resident year-round in parts of western Europe.
Feeding: These gulls are opportunistic feeders, eating fish, invertebrates, insects, and human refuse. They often scavenge in urban areas and follow fishing vessels.
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i'm i's video: Lesser black-backed gull Birds of Kochi Migratory Birds
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